Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry—University—Government Relationship formatIsbn:Hardcover 9780898383034 auslandische Gebiete iibertragen formatIsbn:Softcover 9783642629266 auslandische Gebiete iibertragen design methodology developers The rapid growth in cooperative research and development (R&D) is primarily a response to the pressures of international competition Benjamin Franklin The significant apathy that characterized relationships between indus try and universities and the adversarial nature of relationships between industry and government have both faded rapidly in the 1980s as the realities of global competition have surfaced in the United States